01
Turn off animations and transparency
Go to Settings, then Accessibility, then Visual effects. Switch off Transparency effects and Animation effects. Menus and windows appear instantly instead of sliding into place, and on older hardware the whole interface feels quicker. This is the change most likely to be noticeable.
02
Use the performance options dialog
Press the Windows key, type adjust the appearance and performance of Windows and press Enter. On the Visual Effects tab, select Adjust for best performance, then Apply. That switches off every animation, shadow and preview at once. It also disables smoothed screen fonts, so most people tick Smooth edges of screen fonts back on before selecting OK.
03
Clean up the Start menu
Go to Settings, then Personalization, then Start. Turn off the recommendations switch, which mentions tips and new apps, along with Show recently added apps and Show recently opened items if you do not use them. Start stops suggesting things you never asked for.
04
Remove Widgets and Search from the taskbar
Go to Settings, then Personalization, then Taskbar, and open Taskbar items. Switch Widgets off to stop the weather and news panel appearing when your pointer drifts into the corner. Search can be set to hidden or to an icon only, which reclaims a large piece of taskbar space.
05
Quiet the notifications you do not need
Go to Settings, then System, then Notifications. Turn notifications off for individual apps rather than all at once, so the alerts you actually need still arrive. Further down the page, turn off the switches offering tips, suggestions and the welcome experience after updates.
06
Use Focus for blocks of work
On the same Notifications page, or from the clock on the taskbar, start a Focus session. It turns on Do not disturb and hides taskbar badges for as long as you set. It is a better tool than permanently disabling notifications you will want back next week.
07
Live with it for a day
Restart and use the machine normally before changing anything else. If it feels exactly the same, the interface was never the bottleneck, and storage, memory and heat are the next three things to look at.